Start by preheating your oven to 350°F, so it’s ready to go once you’ve assembled everything.
For the apple filling. Peel, core, and cut the apples. In a medium bowl, add the diced apples, brown sugar, lemon juice, melted butter, and cinnamon. Stir to coat the apples with the ingredients. Set the filling aside.
For the streusel. In a medium bowl, add all-purpose flour, chopped almonds, brown and granulated sugar, cinnamon, and melted butter. Mix until irregular clumps form. Set the streusel aside.
And for the cake batter. In a large bowl, whisk the melted butter with granulated sugar until combined.
Add the sourdough discard, eggs, and vanilla extract. Whisk until combined.
Add baking powder, salt, and all-purpose flour, mixing just until the flour is incorporated and a thick batter forms.
Scrape all the batter into a greased 9x13 baking pan, spreading it into an even layer with a spatula.
Spread the apple filling evenly over the batter.
Cover the apples with the streusel.
Bake the cake on the middle rack for about 50 to 55 minutes.